Hungry Children Essay - 506 Words

Hungry Children Some of the most preventable diseases known to humans is hate and gender differences along with emotional distress which continues to breed hunger and infect humankind. There will be a time when we will have to have a respect for all humans and provide equal access to food and the resources by which to be able to obtain nourishment or hunger will continue to be a problem. Like history dictates, it usually will require a disaster before we consider a transformation, which is a concept that each person is going to have to realize to end hunger. To give an example of how much U.S citizens do not spend on aid for the hungry children; consider this in 1991 we spent three times as much tobacco products as we did on aid. For†¦show more content†¦The poverty rate for blacks in America in 1992 was 33.3%, triple the rate for whites. Also 2 in 5 Hispanic children are poor which leads to hunger that is a result also of racial differences in the US. Of all the ethnic groups in America th e children of native Americans are among the highest to be poor and hungry. Women work longer hours than men and carry primary responsibility for household chores even when working outside the home. Womens pay rates are nearly universally lower than those for men (on average, 30 to 40 percent lower), even for equivalent work. Malnutrition among mothers also has a negative effect on the growth of children. The effects of childhood malnutrition last a lifetime affect, even into succeeding generations. Hunger is the mental and physical condition that comes from not eating enough food due to insufficient economic, family, or community resources. Health effects of hunger and subsequent malnutrition are entrapping and long lasting. Malnutrition causes increased infant mortality, low birth weight, retarded physical growth, and impaired brain development. Even moderate and temporary hunger can cause reduced IQ/EQ, radically diminished school performance, and heightened immunodeficiency. Emotionally, hunger often leads to intense feelings of despair and hopelessness, which are the fundamental causes of crime and violence. People go hungry in America because they are poor, and the poor have been steadily increasing in numbers in theShow MoreRelatedEssay on Poverty in America: Hungry Children1601 Words   |  7 PagesHungry Children The United States is known as a the wealthiest country on the planet. There are many poor people in this country that cant afford to buy food for their families; many are homeless. â€Å"While hunger affects people of all ages, its particularly devastating for children even short-term episodes of hunger can cause lasting damage (â€Å"Child Nutrition Programs). Child hunger in the United States is caused by poverty, unemployment, food insecurity, and food shortage; however there are manyRead MoreThe Hungry Tide Essay1131 Words   |  5 PagesChenrong Li Professor John Peterson ENG 380 12 Dec. 2016 The Hungry Tide: A Desired Utopia of Political Ecology   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In The Hungry Tide, Amitav Ghosh explores the ecosystem of the Sundarbans, varying narration between third person and first person perspectives, primarily through the main characters Piya, Kanai, and Fokir. The story traces the transformation of these three main characters from disengaged spectators to invested insiders. However, each of them perceives the biome of tide countryRead MoreA Proposal For A Program On The Welfare System Of America And Feed Hungry Children1197 Words   |  5 Pagesthis program have an option to receive a monetary award or a specific annual tax incentive. 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In The Interesting Narrative the slave trade was in full swing and a capitalist attitude heavily dominates the text, whilst in The Hungry Tide capitalism plays a smaller role and the humanitarian backdrop of the story is a more central theme. In thisRead MoreNature as Creator and Destroyer in the Hungry Tide2379 Words   |  10 PagesN.Sukanya PhD Research Scholar Department of English Periyar University Salem-11 Nature as a Creator and Destroyer in The Hungry Tide Man, though wonders at the beauty of nature and its creations, fails to realize that they are also part of the web of life in the earth. Moreover, they adopt an anthropocentric attitude towards nature which, in fact, results in exploitation of it. This kind of attitude towards nature has urged several critics and writers to warn them of nature’s two-sidedRead MoreVision of Man-Woman Relationship in The Hungry Tide2369 Words   |  10 Pagesregarding man-woman relationships. He is concerned with the inner world of his characters. He tries to look for the deep desires, emotions and feelings felt by his characters and shows them as the influencing factor behind their action. In his novel ‘The Hungry Tide’ (2004), Ghosh chiefly focuses on the extensive archipelago of tiny islands and labyrinthine waterways known as the Sundarbans which is situated in the southern coast of Bengal in India. The people, living there, share an extremely complex ecologicalRead More Why Marijuana Is The Common Juvenile Crime Performed By The Youth1525 Words   |  7 Pagesemotional distress such as depression and anxiety. Based on the report of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry entitled Marijuana and Teens (2013), a lot of adolescents wants to explore about marijuana. Many factors were influencing children to use marijuana and this can be their friends, peer pressure, and media’s portrayal on marijuana. Parents has the greatest role on how they will be able to prevent their child form using such kind of drug. The article reported that even if marijuanaRead MoreImaginative Play9679 Words   |  39 Pagesroles and act according to reasons of another, contribute to the development of judgment. The observer-critic role emerges during imaginative play as children produce, direct, and enact their dramas. Within these scenarios, children develop competence and eligibility to be not only status assigners but also self status assigners. During play, children distinguish the concept of community, create play communities, and develop the eligibility to be members in more then one c ommunity simultaneously. AsRead MoreDr. Seuss Ingenious Rhyming Scheme923 Words   |  4 PagesModule 2 1. Shannon, David. No, David! New York: Scholastic, Inc., 1998. Print. This is an excellent book for children 3-7 who may have difficulty understanding why they are told â€Å"no† so often. The illustrations depict a mischief loving little boy with a large head and huge smiles as he good-naturedly causes pure chaos. Children are sure to find his antics hilarious. However, along the way the book teaches that there is a good reason that the adult is telling the boy â€Å"no† and even young kids canRead MoreGraduation Speech : Students Walk Through The Door909 Words   |  4 Pagesfoods, such as whole-grain cereal, fruit and milk or breakfast sandwiches with milk, are served to children in the classroom as the day begins. As kids finish up breakfast, I will take attendance and get the class focused on what will be going on in the classroom for the day such as if we have a guest speaker, or if there’s a change of plans because its raining outside. Some students simply aren’t hungry when they first arrive to class or may wake up late, these students will still need to eat. I will

Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction in Public and...

SERVICE QUALITY AND CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES IN TANZANIA Kayita Sulaiman Master of Business Administration (MBA) University of Dar es Salaam November, 2010 SERVICE QUALITY†¦show more content†¦Kayita Musa and Mrs. Rehema Kayita; there is nothing more wonderful in my life than being your son, May their souls rest in eternal peace. Abstract This study presents service quality as what customer says it is, as in the case of higher education because the â€Å"product† generated by higher education is not visible, tangible that cannot be held, analyzed and inspected for defects. The study offers insight on how universities in Tanzania have managed service quality and student satisfaction. A total of 102 respondents were involved in data collection process using questionnaires and interviews on students, administrative staff and departments selected at random. The study used descriptive cross sectional research design. The study on student satisfaction based on service quality attributes of service responsiveness, reliability and availability. Findings spell out service responsiveness; service reliability and service availability are significant in measuring service quality and also the level of student satisfaction. In the study students were not satisfied with the services that are rendered by different universities. The findings imply that public and private universities should adequately analyze service quality attributes ensuring that they meet the expectations and perceptions of the students as this will help in satisfying their expectations. Tanzania Commission for Universities (TCU) should enforceShow MoreRelatedThe Construction Industry Value Chain2845 Words   |  12 PagesESAMI THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY IN KENYA AND TANZANIA: UNDERSTANDING THE MECHANISMS THAT PROMOTE GROWTH. The construction industry is a very important one. 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Usually consumer behavior has drawn upon theories developed in related fields of study of human behavior suchRead MoreBank Management System12681 Words   |  51 PagesAccount Balance 61 5.2.8 Account Statement 62 5.2.9 Loan Application 64 5.2.10 Loan Calculator 65 5.2.11 Report Generation 66 5.2.11.1 By Amount 66 5.2.11.2 By Transactions 67 5.3 RECOVERY SECURITY 68 5.3.1 Usability Documentation Procedure 68 5.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE 69 CHAPTER 6- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 70 6.1 CONCLUSION 70 6.2 CHALLENGES 71 6.3 RECOMMENDATIONS 72 REFERENCES SOURCES 73 APPENDICES 74 APPENDIX A 74 APPENDIX B 75 List of Figures Figure 1:DSDM stages 23 Figure 2: Use Case

Modern Middle East

Question: Did World War I mark the end of an era in Middle Eastern history? Why or why not? Answer: First World War saw the end of Ottoman Empire. Ottoman Empire was one of the premier power focal points in that time. The kings of Istanbul and Syria were the key decision-makers in the Arab region. Post world war created dependent states in Arab region of the Ottoman territories because of western imperialism. The involvement of empires in the war and all the Arab nations entered the war pitted against the British, French and Russians. Arab people had lived under Turkish domination for nearly five hundred years. Nevertheless, at the time of war German armies were taking the charge of Ottoman troops. This misled the Ottomans and particularly the Arabs who were religious more than any Nationals were. The ceasefire saw endless bloodshed of Arab East. The conflict had further led to a split between Sunnis and Shiites of Arab (Gee, 2014). The war changed an entire era of Middle Eastern history. A large number of people shifted to military service and this lead to a civil oriented government in that region. It also recognized the women rights and initiated the practice of divorce in the ground of polygamy. The Muslim sovereignty was interrupted and warned the Muslims. They said they would face extinction if they did not unite. Sharif Hussein declared his rebellion against Ottoman Empire in early 1916. He sent out ten letters to the Arab empires and wished to create a new united Arab kingdom. The response proved a failure and only a few tribal groups supported Sharif Hussein, but absolutely no Arabs flocked to Hussein's side. Hussein only wanted to be a leader of greater Arab region free of Ottoman Empire. In the proceeding of war, British forces captured Jerusalem and Ottoman residents collapsed. British promised to Hussein of favoring him of forming Arab kingdom, but the promise fell short. After the World War I the B ritish promise was not applied. Hussein again announced himself the Caliph of Arab territory but like an early decade, no one took his pretensions seriously. It can be concluded that Arab revolt was a major event in Middle Eastern history. It symbolically ended the century-long Ottoman domination. It practically helped in the rise of European imperialism instead of a cause of disagreement between Arab and the Turkish Muslims (Brennan, 2014). References: Brennan, K. (2014).The First World War and the End of the Ottoman Order. Mason Crest. Gee, J. (2014). The Ottoman Empire and World War I: It Could All Have Been Very Different...The Washington Report on Middle East Affairs,33(7), 24.

The Parable Of The Doorkeeper Essay Research free essay sample

The Parable Of The Doorkeeper Essay, Research Paper The Parable is simple and straightforward. It foreshadows the decease of K. Although that is non all it does. The character of the usher is the interesting 1. He is made up of all the characters that K has interacted with, thatt have to make with his instance. The usher is a blend of the warders, the Inspector, the washer-woman, the distrist justice, the attorney and the two work forces who kill him.The narrative is an easy giveaway. It tells K what has happened in the yesteryear, and what will go on to him following. The narrative and its content itself are non truly that of import, one knows how the secret plan of the novel will turn out, about from the beginning. The importance lies in the treatment K has with the priest. The narrative was a simple, and poetic, manner to sum up the full novel. We will write a custom essay sample on The Parable Of The Doorkeeper Essay Research or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The chief portion of the narrative worth sing and discoursing are the multiple character of the usher. The first character of the usher that one sees is the warders. When the adult male goes to the? topographic point? of jurisprudence, he encounters the usher. The usher does non let him to travel indoors. This reminds one of how K was treated, by the warders, when he tried to detect his charge. The act of declining entry into the house of jurisprudence, can be considered to the? captivity? that K was put under. Although, it appeared that the greater portion in hindering entry into the house of jurisprudence, can be compared to the judges.When the usher says that possibly K will be allowed entry subsequently, it rem inds one of the Inspector. He attempts to act as K?s friend, and gives him no solace, by saying that he knows nothing. The Inspector says, that he knows nothing about the man?s charge, and is probably the only one who?s on his ?side?. The doorkeeper never says this to the man, but the man finds the doorkeeper his only friend. The attitude that the doorkeeper displays that he might seem small, but the guys after him get bigger and worse, reminds one of how the washer woman talks about the judge. The way she says that this judge is rather nice, and how it?s not worth taking them all on is just how the doorkeeper talks about the doorkeepers that succeed him.The little interludes that the doorkeeper does converse with him, reminds one of the special attitude presented by the lawyer towards K. Even though the conversations were brief, they showed that the doorkeeper wasn?t made of stone, and there was some emotion behind the system. that is pretty much what the lawyer is there for. he d oesn?t really does any good work for K, but he tries to make him feel better. When the doorkeeper shuts the door, he obviously reminds one of the two ?killers?. The way that the doorkeeper moves over toward the dying man and tells him that he will now shut the door that was meant for him. Just like the two men, they come over, don?t talk too much, and eventually kill him. The man who comes to seek justice, reminds one more of Block. He is too meek, and submissive. He doesn?t match K?s strong, arrogant, brash, behavior.

A Beginners Guide to Logo Styles

A Beginners Guide to Logo Styles When creating a logo, there are many different visual options to consider- color, typeface, and imagery to name a few. One of the first decisions you need to make when starting the logo design process is what type of logo mark is best for your project.There are several different types of logos, and each kind has a distinct feel which can influence how your brand is perceived and how effective your logo is. While all logos are essentially combinations of type and images, there are various reasons why you might choose one type of logo over another, as each type has its own strengths and weaknesses in regards to appearance and practical use. Heres a brief overview of the different types of logos and the pros and cons of each one.Wordmark and logotypeOne of the most frequently used types of logos is the wordmark. Sometimes referred to as a logotype, a wordmark simply uses the full name of the company by using typography alone. Some well-known examples of wordmarks include Google, Disney, Subway, and Kelloggs.Heres a sample wordmark logo. Often this typography is stylized or typeset in such a way to create a unique, visually-interesting logo.To ensure that your wordmark is distinct and represents your companys essence, its best to use custom details in the typography, rather than merely using a font with its default settings, to type out your name. Some companies have custom fonts created to differentiate their wordmarks; others use the signature of their founder. Think about how the letterforms interact with each other, and consider using color or type weight to emphasize parts of the mark, like in the example above. Because logotypes rely on type alone to convey your message, its imperative that the logo is typeset well and that all letterforms feel properly kerned, easy-to-read, and balanced.Wordmarks can be a great choice for a new company thats starting out because the entire name of the company is being immediately presented in the logo. This can help you to s tart to build some brand recognizability quickly. However, if your company has a name longer than two or three words, it might be best to consider other options- the longer the wordmark, the more cluttered and overwhelming the logo will be, and the harder it will be to use in applications where space is limited. The examples I mentioned earlier are all just one word, which is one reason why they make good logotypes. Because of their simplicity and cleanness, logotypes are usually easy to replicate and make a terrific choice for companies who will be using the logo across a wide variety of applications.Lettermarks and monogramsLettermarks or monogram logos are built from a companys initials. They are similar to wordmarks in that they use only typography. Think IBM, NASA, CNN, and ESPN.Heres a sample lettermark logo. Lettermarks are especially useful when a company has a long name, and they can help people have an easier time remembering and pronouncing complicated names.Because lette rmarks have fewer pieces than wordmarks, you may find that you have more creative freedom to explore different type treatments. Lettermarks also take up much less space than wordmarks, so in many cases theyll be easier to use across applications. An acronym logo with several letters can feel corporate and official, so keep this in mind if youre considering using a lettermark. If your acronym only has one or two letters, try abstracting the letters to make new shapes or consider how the letters can interact to make a visually interesting composition.Sometimes it may be necessary to employ aspects of both wordmarks and lettermarks to create a logo better suited for your company. For example, if you are a new organization or not well-known, it may be best to write out what the initials of your company stand for underneath your lettermark to help people learn what it is you do, like in the example above. Or, you might find that you can abbreviate the name of your company in the logo wit hout reducing the name to initials only- FedEx (Federal Express) and The Met (the Metropolitan Museum of Art) are two examples where the logo is shortened to create a quicker read and an easier pronunciation.Pictorial or symbolic logoThe next type of mark is a pictorial logo, which consists only of a graphic symbol or icon. Some of the most recognizable brands use this type of logo- Apple, Target, Microsoft, and Snapchat are some examples. The icon you use can either be literal- Targets logo is an actual target- or more conceptual, like the Nike swoosh. One advantage to using a symbol on its own is youre able to communicate something immediate about your company using visual language alone, making pictorial logos ideal for global brands which exist in different cultures with different languages.Heres a sample pictorial logo. Because it represents your company without the use of words, a pictorial logo has to be simple, distinct, and memorable.Pictorial logos can be a challenge for n ewer or smaller companies to use simply because they require much previously established brand equity. Even though a pictorial logo on its own can create a bit of intrigue and mystery, its ultimately not practical enough to use for every application. Large, influential corporations can generally get away with using a symbol on its own as a logo because people frequently see and interact with these brands. However, many big companies didnt make the switch to pictorial logos until they were more established. For example, Apples iconic logo was frequently seen along with the companys name during its early years until the brand became recognizable enough without the type. Another example of this is Starbucks, which has recently dropped their name from their emblem logo and now uses the Mermaid illustration on its own after developing into a globally recognized company. Companies like these have grown to the point where they simply dont need to include their names anymore, which makes lo go replication simpler and easier.Combination markOne of the most common types of logos is the combination mark, which is simply a logo that uses both typography and a pictorial mark. Well-known combination marks include Dominos, Verizon, Amazon, and Adidas.Heres a sample combination mark logo. Because they employ both text and imagery, combination marks allow much creative freedom and design choices, making them a versatile choice for just about any type of business.Combination marks are ideal choices for new companies because including text along with imagery is an effective way to help the public start to recognize your brand immediately. They are generally easier to trademark because of their distinctness, and they have a degree of flexibility and adaptability which allows them to be broken into their respective pieces in certain applications. For example, the pictorial part of the mark can be used on its own for favicons, app icons, and even merchandise.There are a few challeng es with combination marks that are important to consider as you design. Because of the number of elements in these logos, its easy for combination marks to quickly become too cluttered or disjointed, so make sure you avoid using too many fine details. The type and icon should work together- ensure that together these elements feel balanced and harmonious. Depending on the layout of the type and icon, you might end up with a logo thats difficult to use in different applications, so you may want to consider creating horizontal and vertical versions of the mark.EmblemsOne of the most traditional choices when it comes to logos, emblems have been used throughout the history of branding to contain type and imagery in a holding shape. Usually resembling badges or crests, emblems have an official, academic feel about them which makes them popular with schools and government agencies, and car companies tend to use emblems for their compact nature. Some well-known emblem logos include Starbuc ks, UPS, the NFL, and Ford.Lastly, heres a sample emblem logo. Because of their classic, vintage feel, emblem logos have made a bit of a comeback in trendier industries like coffee companies, breweries, and sports teams, but an emblem can look sleek and modern as well.The biggest challenge when it comes to emblems is limiting the level of elements inside and around the mark. If illustrations are included, then make sure theyre simple enough to be easily reproduced with any printer and recognizable at any size. Keep extra strokes, flourishes, and other visual elements to a minimum- as a general rule, the less complex your design, the better.Now that you know a bit about the different types of logos, dont be afraid to do your own research on what kinds of logos are commonly used in your industry as you begin your design process. When choosing what type of logo to use, its important to consider all factors in order to make the most effective logo possible. Explore how each type of logo could work for your project, and ultimately think about all the various contexts your logo will be in as its introduced to the public.

Greek Mythology - Bible vs Biblos

Greek Mythology - Bible vs Biblos The Bible is sometimes called the Good Book, which is fitting since the word Bible comes from the Greek word for book, biblos. For the Greeks, the bible was Homer, particularly, The Iliad, and Hesiod. The Father of History, the Greek Classical period traveler Herodotus (c. 484-425 B.C.) writes: Whence the gods severally sprang, whether or no they had all existed from eternity, what forms they bore - these are questions of which the Greeks knew nothing until the other day, so to speak. For Homer and Hesiod were the first to compose Theogonies, and give the gods their epithets, to allot them their several offices and occupations, and describe their forms; and they lived but four hundred years before my time, as I believe.~ Herodotus Book IIYou can find a religious world view, morals, customs, genealogy, and more in Homer and Hesiod. However, The Iliad, The Odyssey, and Theogony were not sacred texts. (Depending on your definition, the Greeks had other sacred texts, like hymns and responses of the oracles.)The Opening of The IliadThe Iliad begins, not with the creation of the world in 6 days, but with an invocation of the goddess or muse:Sing, O goddess,followed by the story of the wrath of the great Greek hero of the Trojan War, Achilles:the anger of Achilles son of Peleus, t hat brought countless ills upon the Achaeans. Many a brave soul did it send hurrying down to Hades, and many a hero did it yield a prey to dogs and vultures, for so were the counsels of Jove fulfilled from the day on which the son of Atreus, king of men, and great Achilles, first fell out with one another....and his anger at the expeditions leader, Agamemnon, who has strained relations with his best man by stealing his beloved concubine and committed sacrilege:And which of the gods was it that set them on to quarrel? It was the son of Jove and Leto [Apollo]; for he was angry with the king and sent a pestilence upon the host to plague the people, because the son of Atreus had dishonoured Chryses his priest.(Samuel Butler translation)The Place of Gods in Mans LifeGods in Homers ancient heroic age walked among men, but they were much more powerful than humans and could be prevailed upon by prayer and sacrifice to help human beings. We see this in the opening of The Iliad where the rhap sode (the composer/singer of the story) Homer seeks divine inspiration to create a great epic, and where an old man seeks the return of his abducted daughter.There is nothing in this Greek great book (The Iliad) about taking clay and forming it in a certain likeness or taking a rib from said animated clay, although the latter, the story of the creation of woman (Pandora) by a craftsman, does appear differently elsewhere in the canon of Greek mythology.Next Page: Creation Stories Introduction to Greek Mythology Myth in Daily Life What Is Myth? Myths vs. Legends Creation Stories Titanomachy Olympian Gods and Goddesses Five Ages of Man Philemon and Baucis Prometheus Trojan War Bulfinch Mythology Myths and Legends Kingsley Tales from Mythology | Golden Fleece and the Tanglewood Tales, by Nathaniel Hawthorne Confusing Creation Stories Creation StoriesUranos Revenge Titanomachy Philemon and Baucis Prometheus Version 1: Genesis 1.27 King James27: So God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him; male and female created he them. Version 2: Genesis 2.21-2321: And the LORD God caused a deep sleep to fall upon Adam and he slept: and he took one of his ribs, and closed up the flesh instead thereof; 22: And the rib, which the LORD God had taken from man, made he a woman, and brought her unto the man. 23: And Adam said, This is now bone of my bones, and flesh of my flesh: she shall be called Woman, because she was taken out of Man.... the story of the 5 Ages Also see Jewish Legends - Creation Genealogy Shows Mans Relationship to God(s) The stories one polis told about its divine connection might or might not contradict the stories of another polis about its connection with the same god. Sometimes what looks like an effort to smooth out one set of inconsistencies seems to have created others. It might serve those of us coming to the Greek stories from a Judaeo-Christian tradition to remember that there are plenty of apparent inconsistencies in the Bible, too. Reference: [url formerly www.rpgclassics.com/quotes/iliad.shtml] Interesting Quotations from the Iliad Introduction to Greek Mythology Myth in Daily Life What Is Myth? Myths vs. Legends Gods in the Heroic Age - Bible vs. Biblos Trojan War Bulfinch Mythology Myths and LegendsGolden Fleece and the Tanglewood Tales, by Nathaniel Hawthorne

Essay about two related chapters from David Sloan Wilsons Evolution

About two related chapters from David Sloan Wilsons Evolution for Everyone - Essay Example Besides attempting to provide a plausible explanation for the origin of life, evolution also heavily impacts the behavior of species. Evolution holds the key to understanding the behavior of all species including the bizarre infanticide tendencies of particular species. The third chapter of Wilson’s Evolution for Everyone lays foundation for â€Å"the power of natural selection thinking† (Wilson 19). To demonstrate the power of this line of thinking, Wilson dwells on the socially undesirable practice of infanticide. Since the concept of natural selection is driven by the need to have off springs, then killing the off springs is automatically out of question (Wilson 19). However Wilson reveals that there exist certain environmental situations which make infanticide to be desirable. According to Wilson such possibilities like uncertain parentage, poor offspring and lack of sufficient resources create justification for infanticide among some species. In the fourth chapter of the text, Wilson proceeds to justify what he termed as the â€Å"third way of thinking† in the previous chapter. The third way of thinking is just but a simple phrase that Wilson uses to urge the reader to be flexible enough in their thinking to accommodate even the most remote of thoughts that indeed natural selection is responsible for the formation of the world as it currently is through contributing to all the behavioral outcomes of all the species in the universe. While still pursuing possible reasons that make infanticide to be a rational outcome, Wilson eventually derive his proof from the behavior of burying beetles. The Prove It chapter explains the possible reasons behind the actions of infanticide by a species – the burying beetles. Wilson reveals that this specie opts to regulate its brood size purely based on the food resources that are available. The parent beetle opts to kill some of its young ones so as to ensure that the rest c an comfortably thrive. This is one of

Gap Inc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Gap Inc - Essay Example Thirty-seven years ago, Gap Inc. started its humble beginnings with big dreams that spun into a golden international retail enterprise of highly-respected apparel lines. From a handful of employees at its historic California home, Gap Inc. has now hired over 160,000 employees all over the world that support the brand names it carries. With more than 4,250 stores, Gap Inc. boasts of its worldwide lead as a retailer for clothing, accessories and personal care products under the brand names of Gap, Banana Republic and Old Navy. By the year 21st century the complexity of the fashion industry has acknowledged the changing moods of dressing. Dressing down according to Kelly and Silverstein (2005) became an acceptable norm for the society whose rules for dressing became relaxed and interest in fashion waned. With home-based jobs sprouting people saw no need to buy fashionable clothes. Ordinary retail and clothing sales saw a disappointing decline as the millennium ushered in comfort dressin g. Gap Inc., whose target clients are teens and the middle market with its basic style should see a logical push compared to Banana Republic's affluent clientele and Old Navy's fashionable yet bargain minded customers.Gap Inc. however, suffered tremendous drawbacks against its gracious fashion profit enjoyment of the 90's that Brady attributed to its electronic retailing in 1997, as prevailing modes of expression sank the sales of summer 2001. Hea revealed how store sales showed a 12% dip compared to the previous year. Given the sales shortfall, shares of stocks remained on the defensive that Hea positively believed could pick up during the fall months. However August and September saw weak store traffic owing to the lack of buyers' enthusiasm for its apparel lines. The Old Navy division suffered the highest setback with the biggest sales drop that then CEO Millard Drexler acknowledged as its priority, "the need to find the right balance between key items and fashion". In its numero us attempts to survive the fashion crash, Drexler was later replaced in 2002 according to Brady(2003) that has brought in bolder colors that certainly help cut the inventory, squeezed out costs and helped Gap triple its earnings and stocks rose to more then $18 per share. The GAP strategies By redesigning a "look" to fit in with the season and the environment, Gap's strategies included highly focused surveys and research on consumer needs and fashion trends that high-lighted classifying its clientele from the "style-conscious, updated and classic" individuals according to Brady(2003). Gap, has also adapted the different mixes provided by Levy and Weitz (2004, Ch.2) that retailing systems should carefully observe with strong emphasis on the merchandise. According to them, much focus on its products centered on the ability to recognize versatility in style, assortment and variety without sacrificing its quality. Fit being an important factor in the clothing apparel line, assumed that its predictability should announce its availability that consumer research brings into its designs for must-have clothes. Although the millennium trend was to dress down and simplify, the smugness brought by the old Gap designs were too obtainable with other cheaper competition. A variety of choices for the shopper in style and a wider array of color definitely zeroed in the buying spree. Gap's predictability in the 1990's saw a gradual yet significant progress that has seen improvement on its credit rating and debt reduction in the 3rd quarter of 2003. Webb then announced its CEO Paul Pressler's move to repurchase its common stocks. Price Adjustment according to the law of supply and demand hammers specific changes to maximize profit and minimize markdowns according to Chorafas (2002). Prices change but are highly capricious in trying to match the demand. Gap, has however attached a stigma to dynamic pricing that the fashion industry equates with consumers flocking stores only

Regulation of Solicitors' Trust Accounts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Regulation of Solicitors' Trust Accounts - Essay Example Summary of the Acts Section 3.3of both the Acts deals with â€Å"trust money and trust accounts†. This session involves several regulatory measures that would secure consumers’ interests in the legal service market. The Acts contain the provision for suspending stated operations associated with the solicitors’ trust accounts. They require solicitors to maintain a general trust account and accurate trust records, and present them before an eternal examiner for cross checking. The main intention of this provision is to increase the reliability of trust accounts and thereby secure consumer confidence. The Acts have also defined a set of condition for closing a general trust account. As per the provision, a law practitioner has the responsibility to deposit the trust money in the general trust account at the earliest possibility. The Legal Professional Act 2007 clearly states that disbursement of trust money must be under the direction given by the particular person. This provision will ensure that trust money is safe under the custody of solicitor until the time of disbursement. The Legal Profession Regulation Act 2007 The Legal Profession Regulation Act 2007 describes different aspects of keeping trust account receipts and payments book. This Act specifically directs solicitors to keep separate trust accounts receipts cash book and trust accounts payment cash book. Part 3.3(29) of the Legal Profession Regulation Act 2007 has clearly defined trust record copies to be printed at the end of particular periods. Mainly receipts and payments cash book, reconciliation statements, and trust ledger accounts and their balances have to be printed. In addition, section 37 of this Act holds provisions for secure withdrawal of trust money from a general trust account. This provision also adds value to consumer confidence, because it prevents deceitful withdrawal of trust money (Legal Profession Regulation Act 2007). Similarly, section 38 deals with payment of trust money through electronic fund transfer. It is one of the major provisions of the Act that secures consumer confidence to a great extent because probability of fraud is higher in electronic fund transfer. Section 42 directs solicitors to systematically record various transactions in trust ledger accounts as this method will be effective to distinguish between trust accounts of different clients. The Regulation Act also specifies journal transfer principles regarding transfer of trust money from a general trust account to another. It also insists to provide necessary and timely notifications to concerned beneficiaries. In addition, it is mandatory to issue trust account statements to the beneficiaries of the trust money. This type of provision helps consumers to keep in frequent touch with their account transactions. The regulation of solicitors’ trust account would assist consumers to ensure that their money is not misused for the benefit of third parties. According to the perception of Queensland Law Society (n.d), the strict regulation measure would prevent any type of unfair practice related with trust accounts. The most attractive feature of these Acts is that consumers are allowed to get informed of their account status. The Legal Profession Act 2007 The Legal Profession Act 2007 specifically states that the trust accounts should not be used for paying off any type of debt. This

Airport Privatisation The Challenges Way Forward Economics Essay

Airport Privatisation The Challenges Way Forward Economics Essay Traditionally all the airports were owned by the public sector. The European airports in major cities such as Paris, London, Dublin, Stockholm, Copenhagen, Madrid, and Geneva were all owned by national governments. The airports outside Europe like Tokyo, Singapore, Bangkok, Sydney, and Johannesburg were similarly owned by their countrys government bodies. Elsewhere, the major airports like in the U.S. were controlled by local or regional governments. Regional airports in Europe too followed this rule. For example, Manchester airport was owned by Manchester City Council and a combination of 8 local authorities of nearby towns with 45% ownership resting with the latter and 55% with the former authority. In Germany, Dusseldorf airport was owned by the governments of North Rhine, Westphalia state and the city of Dusseldorf together, whereas, the Hanover airport was owned jointly by the governments of Lower Saxony and the city of Hanover. In the 1990s, private or partially privately owned airports became significant. Before this, the privately owned airports were limited only to the general aviation or to the aeroclub airports. The norm during that period was that the public ownership, i.e. the government handled the airport operations at least at a local or majorly at national level. This had a major impact on the operations of the airport and its degree of independence. The strictest form of control existed when the government had direct control over the airport, for example the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA), Ministry of Transport or, in few cases, the military. This was commonly practiced in Asia, the Middle East, Africa and South America. In Canada, 150 commercial Canadian airports were directly controlled by The State Department of Transport. Within Europe, Greece was a good example where CAA controlled all the airports effectively. In some cases, semi-autonomous bodies and companies, those were still under the public ownership owned the airports. Some organizations managed more than one airport, British Airports Authority (BAA) and Aer Rianta Irish Airports were good examples in Europe. Other airport authorities and companies also existed that operated just one major airport. This was the case at Amsterdam airport and many German airports. In the U.S., airport authorities also existed for some of the airports, such as the Minneapolis-Saint Paul Metropolitan Airports Commission. In some cases, multipurpose transport authorities which operated other modes of transport also operated airports, such as the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey or Massport in Boston. There were also examples of airports where companies which were publicly owned managed the airports at concession for the central government. For example, the major Italian airports like Venice and Milan were controlled by public shareholdings and perhaps some private shareholdings at concession for long terms, such as 60 years. The concession could cover management of the total airport operations and handling services like Milan and Turin or just some of the operations like terminal management and handling services like Palermo. At French regional airports, the concessions were given to the local chambers of commerce, but national government holding some control over the airfield facilities. For example, at the Zurich airport, the planning and the overall operation of the airport and the airfield infrastructure is controlled by the Zurich Airport Authority, which is owned by the Canton of Zurich, while a mixed public private company, named FIG, managed and constructed the terminal i nfrastructure. Commercialization The publicly owned and strictly controlled airports were historically considered as a public utility for the public service obligations. As a result, the airport industry was not considered as a business dominant industry but a general public service transport system. However, in the 1970s and 1980s the perspective towards airport management changed as the industry grew towards airline privatization and deregulation. Many airports then were considered more of a commercial industry and businesslike management philosophy was adopted. Thus the airport industry around the world took steps towards commercialization with Europe as its leader. However, airports in areas like Africa and South America mostly stuck on to the traditional way and experienced less changes. The coming of commercialization was seen in many different steps. For instance, many independent airport authorities and airport companies with public shareholders were established resulting in less government control over airports. This gave airports more of operational and commercial freedom and also gave private sector investment and partnership more chances. In 1972, the International Airports Authority of India was established to manage Indias four international airports. In 1986, National Airports Authority took control of the domestic airports in the country. These two merged in 1995. In Canada, where the Transport Canada was in direct control of the countrys major airports, passed its airport management completely to individual non-profit-making authorities in a long-term lease in the 1990s. its main reason was to improve its efficiency and integrate it to the local economy. During the commercialization process, airport management was focused upon operational aspects like financial management, non-aeronautical revenue generation and airport marketing. Many airport directors and senior managers were operational specialists. This realization of commercialization resulted in expansion of staff members and operational resources. Also the typical departments for finance, administrations, operations, and so on was replaced with new department or business units like customer needs, passenger and airline services. One of the most significant changes during commercialization was an increased focus on the non-aeronautical revenues and commercial revenues. Aeronautical revenues such as landing and passenger fee from the airlines had been the most important source. In most of the airports, mainly European airports, non-aeronautical revenues overtook aeronautical revenues as the most important source. For example, Amsterdam airport first reported of its higher non-aeronautical revenue when compared to its aeronautical revenue. This was due to large space allocation to commercial retail shops and other non-aeronautical facilities. In the past, it was very difficult to obtain a true indication of an airports financial and economic performance. Often the government would undertake normal public accounting practices specific to its country and would use public sector rather than more standard commercial procedure. This resulted in difficulty in comparing it with the other organizations. In some cases, airports cost and revenues were considered as one item only within the government departments financial accounts. Therefore no specific profits from the airports could be determined. In the 1970s and 1980s, more commercial accounting practices were adopted in most of the airports. This was mainly due to less control in the hands of the government. For example, in 1987, all major airports in the U.K. became public limited companies (plc). This meant that these airports adopted commercial private sector accounting procedures. One example of this was when Geneva airport became an independent authority in 1994, it began to show balance sheets and asset values in its annual accounts, which previously was ignored. Privatization During the 1970s and the 1980s, commercialization took great strides in the growth of airports around the globe. But it was during 1990s when privatization became a reality. But what is actually meant by privatization? In its broadest sense, it usually means the transfer of airport management, and sometimes ownership as well, to the private sector. Privatization of publicly owned airports had many arguments both supporting and against it. Privatization reduces the need of public sector investment and provides access to commercial sectors. It reduces government control and interference enabling the organization to diversify. It may also increase the operational efficiency of the airport, induces competition and payment of incentives for management and employee staff to perform well. There were some developments that took place in the 1970s and 1980s which strengthened the reasons for airport privatization to occur in some countries. For example in North America and Europe, deregulation resulted in the growth of the airports which meant the existing airport capacity could not cope with this growth. Privatization of airports was considered as a means of injecting additional finance into the airport systems to pay for the future investments. In addition to this, public sector funding became very scarce in the modern-day global econ omic climate as government thought of reducing their spending and turned to non-revenue-earning activities like education and health. Privatization also has some adverse effects like it may create a private monopoly which charges extra for same or lesser standards of services, invests inadequately and gives less consideration to externalities like controlling environmental impacts and maintaining social justice. Less favorable employment condition may occur and redundancies may occur. From a point of view, airport privatization can be considered as just an evolutionary development of the aviation industry. Airports evolved from public sector utility to commercial enterprises and privatization can be considered as commercialization taken to its limits. Increased commercialization has brought about good profits and market oriented management. The increase in number of airport privatization around the world has shown us that this method has successfully achieved ways to tackle some problems that could be faced by the airports in the 21st century. However, this in some countries where publicly owned organizations are considered as national or regional assets being transferred to private companies could be a sensitive political issue. It brings fear that the focus would be then shifted to private shareholders and the customer needs will be neglected. Privatization of airports may have different views among different groups and even between the local and national government. As a result, it should not be thought that commercialization always leads to privatization. A good example for this is the Manchester airport, which runs on a very commercial basis, but has no desire to undergo privatization. Types of Privatization Airports are one of the most attractive organizations for investors, for many reasons. Firstly, the aviation industry has a unique growth rate. Many airports, mainly the major airports have less or no competition, from the airports and also from other modes of transports. It is difficult to enter into the airport industry as it requires heavy capital investment and also difficult to find an appropriate and convenient locations where airport development is allowed. However, there are risks also available such as the political interference in the form of airport regulation and control over airport development as there is deregulation and greater collaborations through alliances. According to the document prepared by Carney and Mew in 2003, the types of privatization can be broadly classified into 5 types: Share floatation Trade sale Concession Project finance privatization Management contract The selection of the most appropriate type of privatization for the airports is done by a series of complex decision-making process in which the reasons for privatizing is checked by fulfilling certain conditions. Share Floatation The first type, i.e., the share flotation or Initial Public Offering (IPO), where the airport share capital is issued, and traded on the stock market. The Management or the public owners are given options to acquire shares. In this type, the government or the public owners give up the total or partial ownership according to the shares open, transferring economic control and risks to the new shareholders. Generally this type of privatization has shown positive results with promising economic growth rate and limited competition as the capital investments are too high for the risk to be taken. Even when total privatization occurs, the government has a certain degree of influence by issuing a golden share so that the national interests can be secured in extreme cases. Trade Sale In this type of privatization, some parts of the airport or the total airport is sold to a trade partner or a consortium of investors, through a public tender. The trade sales which took place in the 1990s had strategic partners involved rather than just passive investors. As a result, the managerial and technological expertise was considered while agreeing on a sale. Concession With this type of arrangement, an airport management company or consortium will purchase a concession or lease to operate the privatized airport for a defined period of time, commonly between 20 and 30 years, again usually through a tendering process. Financial terms and the types of lease will vary but typically this option will involve an initial payment and a guaranteed level of investment and/or payment of an annual fee. Hence this tends to be a more complex approach, which has high transactions costs and needs to carefully designed and implemented to ensure that the private contracts achieve the government policy objectives. Project Finance Privatization With this option, a company will usually build or redevelop and then operate an airport or specific facility, such as a terminal, for a certain length of time, typically 20-30 years. This company may be totally private or may be a private-public partnership. At the end of this period, ownership will revert to the government owners. Thus this approach can be viewed as a particular type of concession agreement. Generally such an arrangement will not usually require a large upfront payment but the operating company will bear all the costs of building or re-developing the facility. When it is built, the company will have to cover the operating costs but will also retain most revenues (often after paying an annual fee to the government) until the facility is handed back. Thus, the airport company will take full economic risk for investment and operations. There are a number of project finance privatization methods with the most popular being build-operate-transfer (BOT) when, as the name suggests, the company will build the facility, operate it for a certain length of time and then transfer ownership back to the government. Other similar models include build-transfer (BT), build-rent-transfer (BRT) or design-construct-manage-finance (DCMF). Other options may actually involve the ownership of the facility such as build-own-operate-transfer (BOOT) or rehabilitate-own-transfer (ROT) projects. All these methods, however, are often referred to by the generic term BOT. Management Contract The least radical privatization option is a management contract when ownership remains with the government and the contractors take responsibility for the day-to-day operation of the airport, usually for a period of 5-10 years. The government either pays an annual management fee to the contractor, usually related to the performance of the airport, or the contractor will pay the government a share of its revenues. Normally investment will remain the responsibility of the government owner and so the overall economic risk is shared between the owner and the management company. For the government owner this may be politically more acceptable, whereas for the contractor such an arrangement may be attractive in countries where greater financial exposure, through a trade sale, for example, may be seen as too great a risk. Overview The overall reason for this report is to analyze the effects of ownership change on the economic growth of the industry. The main success of privatization is not by attaining maximum airport profits but by providing quality service with continuously improvising efficiency and maintaining cost of charges. There are a number of lessons that can be learnt from this experience: The cost of capital is found to be too high in the plc privatization model. Efficiency is optimized when the business is outsourced. Performance can be improvised even without ownership change. It is difficult to reach objectives to provide quality, cheap, and safe service simultaneously. Privatization is not a successful option unless customer needs are not kept in priority for the growth and development. Customers have gained some from privatization, in terms of lower prices relative to the public ownership organizations, but not by a lot. Identifying Challenges Vienna International Airport (VIA), Austria Privatization resulted in inadequate investment and high charges for customers. Before privatization, VIE had high costs. The weak economic regulation did not help much to change this providing no incentive to improve efficiency, provide adequate investment, or hold back monopoly profits. This is due to the direct regulation of charges from the government. Due to the classic monopolist behavior, profit margins are restricted. As a result, insufficient incentives are being produced which cannot further pay for the cost-efficient investments for the future of the airport. Zurich Airport (ZRH), Switzerland The independent TRL Charges Index of the top-50 airports worldwide ranks Zurich Airport as the 10th costliest airport in the world. Due to the collapse of Swissair, capacity constraints have emerged at the Zurich Airport. As a result it is the least profitable airport among the top 50 airports. Absence of an independent economic regulation resulted in low incentives for higher efficiency. The airport has switched from single-till to dual-till which resulted in the aeronautical revenue to bear all the cost of aircraft and passenger service. Auckland International Airport (AIA), New Zealand Absence of an effective economic regulation, due to which they charge excessively on their customers for higher incentives. Asset base and operational cost valuation of the AIA is remarkably high due to its dominant market position. Moreover the cost of capital used by AIA also appears to be extremely high. These appear to be the reasons for high base for charges. Sydney International Airport (SYD), Australia Although the service quality is complimented by passengers, airlines are less satisfied and charges are high. The prices rose high in 2001, giving reasons that it would help SYD earn a commercial rate of return. SYD also switched to Dual-till; therefore the aeronautical revenue is only confined to cover the aircraft and passenger service charges. The ACCC, similar to the Competition Commission in the U.K., is not influential enough to encourage SYD to increase their efficiency as there is no incentive-based price cap. Perth Airport (PER), Australia Huge price rise in service charges with no improvement in services or any significant capital investment. Absence of economic regulation, asset evaluation and the use of dual-till; all this result in increase in charges for the customers. Ezeiza International Airport (EZE), Argentina Privatization meant very bad for the customers. High charges for the structure, under-investment and poor quality of service to the customers. Absence of an independent economic regulator has led to very high service charges. It also resulted to a very confrontational relationship between the government, airport operator and the customers. Capacity constraints have been dealt very poorly. Under-investments due to payment of high royalties. No competition between service providers led to high customer charges with low standards of service. Athens International Airport (AIA), Greece Service quality is good to the customers but comes at a very high price. It ranks the 3rd highest charges in the world. No consultation with the airline customers on building of the new airport, therefore high cost and inefficient investment. The rate-of-return economic regulation creates no incentives for improving efficiency and permits monopoly profits. If the profits are not met within one year, then the regulator allows charges to be raised in order to recoup. The AIA also uses the dual-till. This means the aeronautical revenue is confined only to the aircraft charges and passenger charges which should have been also used for the commercial charges. There has been over 20 years since privatization of infrastructure providers started in different industries. Although, considerable rise of amounts had been achieved by privatizing many publicly owned companies fully or partially, general public and customer interest had not been one of the major concerns. From the identified challenges brought into light due to privatization of airports all around the globe, some prominent issues like cost inefficiency, high charges due to no independent economic regulation in existence. The cost of capital is too high under the plc privatization model. There is no improvisation in the efficiency and quality of customer services to cope with low or minimal incentives. The privatization of airports has also brought the issue of capacity, financial and environmental constraints into light. This resulted in potential discrimination between incumbent and new airline companies. Expanding capacity at new major airports require huge amounts of capital, where public sector funding might not be sufficient, therefore private sector investment has to be considered. But for future investments, incentives and service charges have to be rightly considered and revised. Compacting Strategies An efficient economic regulation is necessary to regulate the cost of capital, the asset and resource valuation and to control the service charges according to the quality of service provided. It is also needed to improvise the quality of service provided to airlines and customers according to the incentives. It has to optimize the use of given space capacity, both for aircrafts and passengers. An efficient economic regulation system is appropriate for bringing a balance between the service provided and service charges by setting up a fair and efficient charging system for airports infrastructure. It may encourage private investors to invest and take control of commercial management. It is noticed through history that airports when operated with commercial outlook, the performance, efficiency and financial situation is improved, whether it may be publicly owned or privately owned. Airports governed by national or local governments should be allowed some degree of freedom to run more like a commercial type and unnecessary regulations should be lifted. British Airports Authority (BAA), U.K. Excellent example of how to privatize an airport successfully, by implementing effective economic regulation of assets. Since privatization, the company has diversified. It started managing airports overseas with equal stakes and concentrating on particularly the non-aeronautical revenue generation at the airports. Effective economic regulation has been critical for the success of privatization, which regulated the aeronautical revenue considerably low and maintaining good quality of services. The existence of a Competition Commission has resulted in effective regulation of charges by keeping the customers interest in mind. The price-caps are given a regular check in order to prevent the increase in airport profits in excess of the cost of capital. This avoids inefficient investment which would lead to excessive charging of customer services. Revision of incentives for better services keeps the quality of service good and also in improvisation. If neglected, it would lead to poor quality of service in order to increase airport profits. Single-till is the mode of airport accounts management. In this method, both the aeronautical and non-aeronautical revenues are taken into account during setting the airport charges. Copenhagen Airport (CPH), Denmark Relatively successful privatization with quality service and relatively low airport charges. Effective economic regulation has been critical for the success of this privatization. This controlled the aeronautical revenue relatively low and quality of service high. Improvisation in the efficiency of services was the key to its success since shareholders are also benefitting. The regulation put price-caps by negotiation with the airline customers, if this failed, then incentive based charges are assigned to improve efficiency of the services. Brussels Airport (BRU), Belgium The economic regulation brought customers into reassurance by setting appropriate charges. With respect to the rate-of-return policy, little incentives are produced for cost efficiency improvements to reduce airport charges. Conclusion Privatization brought drastic changes as the ownership changed from public owners like national or local government to private sector ownership. But commercialization is of greater asset than privatization. Increasing the airport profits, expansion of airport capacity and economic growth happens by undertaking commercial type of management. The public owners can increase the revenue generation by liberalization and allowing the airports more degree of freedom. Effective economic regulation is critical for successful privatization as capital investment is high therefore there is less competition for private sector investment. The economic regulation is highly necessary for creating incentives, which would help in improvisation of quality of service and increasing efficiency and would restrain monopolies created by privatization and allow sharing of airport profits with the customers by reducing customer service charges. A regulatory committee in association with the economic regulation could be considered highly beneficial as they would complement each others price-capping by keeping the customers and the airports cost of capital into consideration. For successful privatization, customers should be considered as key stakeholders in the development and expansion. The pricing infrastructure should be set by keeping the customers interest as one of the most important criteria in making capital investments for growth and future development.

Integrating Technology for Better School Security Essay -- essays pape

Integrating Technology for Better School Security Using new technology for better school security is not always easy because it is difficult to address the correct problem with the right equipment, there also exists economic issues, and mental unrest among staff and students. School safety is an issue that has been concerning this country for many years. With the populations of our schools growing, the crime rates with in them have been as well. The student to staff ratio has greatly increased and there are concerns on how to regulate student behavior as well as crime prevention among students. Along with regulating student behavior, more security issues need to be addressed in order to maintain a safe school. For example, more schools have now been upgraded with better computer systems for the staff and students. Students now have computers in every classroom and better equipment for their specific classes. This new equipment is very costly and it is a long process for the school district to obtain. School security measures need to be taken to avoid the theft or damage of these new, expensive technologies. More needs to be considered before resorting to extreme measures of security for schools. The issue that the specific school is facing must be addressed in the correct fashion. Meaning that an analysis of the school and every aspect of it must be taken. The schools budget must be looked at, as well as history of misconduct and/or crime. A school’s financial situation must be one of the most important issues looked at when considering new security equipment. Most of the county’s school districts are already in a money slump right now. The budget for school funding is low and is getting lower by ... ...ist (1995). Risks to students in schools. Washington D.C. Office of Technology Assessment. (2003). Datastrip’s ID Cards, Bar Codes Scanner Ensure Student Protection. THE Journal, 31, 27-30. Blackburn, M. (2001). Mikulski urges U.S. funds for special education: The Sun, Local, 3B. Lane, K. (1996). The School Safety Handbook, taking action for students and staff protection. Lancaster, PA: Technomic Publishing. Schneider, T. (2001). Newer Technologies for School Security. (ERIC Digest No. 145) Eugene, OR: ERIC Clearinghouse on Educational Management. (ERIC Document Reproductive Service No. ED449550.) Trump, K. (2004) School Security Equipment and Technology, National School Safety and Security Services, http://www.schoolsecurity.org/resources/security-equipment.html Watson, R. (1995). A Guide to Violence Prevention: Educational Leadership, 52, 57-60.

Fools and Love

In the play, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, Shakespeare draws the reader’s attention to the roles of Nick Bottom, and Puck. Nick Bottom and Puck are both considered to be the fools in this play, although both characters fulfill this role in different ways. Bottom is a contemporary fool, who is overconfident and lacks common sense. While Bottom is very confident in himself, especially his acting ability, he is not a very intelligent character. Puck’s role in the play is more of a traditional fool. Puck plays practical jokes and enjoys entertaining though mischief. Puck’s service to the fairy king, Oberon, is similar to a jester’s role in a medieval society. Though the two fools of the play are very different, they offer several helpful observations about life and love. Bottom and Puck teach the audience valuable lessons about taking love too seriously, instead of enjoying it as it comes. The fools also offer insight on the consequences of being overly confident in oneself. The first lesson that the fools offer is that love should not be taken too seriously, but enjoyed just as it comes. Puck offers this insight in his quote, â€Å"Lord, what fools these mortals be† (Act 3, Scene 2, Line 116). After attempting to make Demetrius fall in love with Helena, Puck’s plan self-destructs when he realizes that he has put the love potion on the wrong man. When Puck watches the reaction of the young lovers, he realizes how silly it is for them to all be chasing after love so desperately, rather than taking it as it comes and enjoying it. Nick Bottom offers this same lesson through his short relationship with Titania, the fairy queen. Though Bottom is obviously not a perfect match for the beautiful Titania, he enjoys her affections while they last, never second-guessing that she could be in love with him. Though Titania’s affections for Bottom are induced by a potion, Bottom throws himself into his newfound relationship with her, unaware that Puck has transformed Bottom’s head into that of a donkey. When Bottom awakes and Titania’s affections for him have ended, Bottom enjoys the memories as though a dream. The second lesson that Shakespeare impresses upon his audience is the effect of over-confidence on others. Early in the play, Bottom gathers with the other actors to start planning their play. Rather than listen to Peter Quince, the stage manager, and take direction from him, Bottom wants to tell everyone what to do. He tells Quince how to announce the parts and how to organize the actors. Then, Bottom wants to play every single part in the play, and brags about how wonderful his portrayal of each character would be. Shortly after this scene, Puck changes Bottoms head into that of a donkey, which is symbolic of Bottom’s conceited behavior. Upon his entrance in the play, all of the other actors run away from Bottom and his grotesque appearance. Upon seeing Bottom, Quince yells, â€Å"O’ monstrous! O, strange! We are haunted. Pray, masters! Fly, masters! Help† (Act 3, Scene 1, Line 99-100). Puck changed Bottom’s appearance to match his personality by placing the head of the donkey on his shoulders. Puck, although obviously less power hungry than Bottom, also shows that he has plenty of confidence in himself. Puck exhibits his over-confidence at several points in the play, bragging about the tricks that he has played on others and enjoying laughing at their misfortune. The audience sees that Puck is also confident in his ability to serve Oberon, as well. When Oberon send Puck out to find Helena in the woods, Puck replies, â€Å"I go, I go, look how I go, swifter than arrow from the Tartar’s bow† (Act 3, Scene 2, Lines 100-101). By comparing his speed and accuracy to that of the Tartars, who were famous for their skill with a bow and arrow, Puck shows that he believes himself to be equally as accurate. This shows the audience a very confident Puck, but the audience cannot help but realize that Puck’s comparison of himself to the Tartars is an overexaggeration. Ironically, Puck is the reason that the mix-up with the love potion happened, so in effect, he is obviously not as accurate as he might like to think. The third lesson that is conveyed in the play is the basic concept that ignorance can be bliss. Nick Bottom is portrayed as an overly self-assured and ignorant fellow. He is absorbed in all things of himself and does not take much interest in anything that does not directly affect him. After Puck turns his head into that of a donkey, his fellow actors run away from him in fear. Instead of wondering what happened to scare them off, Bottom brushes it off and doesn’t think about it further. And again, when Bottom is awakening from his slumber in the forest after his short-lived romance with Titania, Bottom again shows his ignorance. Bottom remembers all of the things that had happened to him through the night, but he refuses to accept them as anything more than a dream. By brushing off these events as a mere fantasy, Bottom rejects reality and chooses to be ignorant of the events and remember them as nothing more than a dream. Puck is also ignorant of other people in the play. Puck’s only concern is entertaining himself and Oberon, and he does not consider anyone else in his actions. Early in the play, Puck talks about the pranks that he has been known to play, telling the audience that, â€Å"†¦ sometimes lurk I in a gossip’s bowl, in very likeness of a roasted crab, and when she drinks, against her lips I bob and on her withered dewlap pour the ale. The wisest aunt, telling the saddest tale, sometimes for three-foot stool mistaketh me; then slip I from her bum, down topples she, and â€Å"tailor† cries, and falls into a cough† (Act 2, Scene 1, Lines 47-54). By turning himself into a crab and lurking in a bowl of ale to scare a woman, and making himself appear to be a stool so that when a woman sits on him, he can make her fall, Puck makes it obvious that he cares about nothing but entertaining himself and his king. Again, in Act Three, Puck shows his selfishness when he realizes that he has made a mistake with the young lovers in the woods and the love potion meant for Demetrius and Helena. When Puck tries to fix it, he realizes that now both men will fall in love with Helena. Rather than try to remedy the problem, Puck thinks it will be fun to watch. Puck shows his complete lack of interest in the young couples when he says, â€Å"Then will two at once woo one; that must needs be sport alone. And those things do best please me that befall preposterously† (Act 3, Scene 2, Lines 118-121). Puck shows a disregard for the true feelings of the young lovers so long as it is entertaining to him. In conclusion, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, contains two fools who are able to share insight into life and love throughout the play. Shakespeare strategically places Nick Bottom and Puck in the play as fools, but these fools have a purpose. Shakespeare uses Bottom and Puck to teach his audience valuable lessons about the importance of living in the moment of love, instead of taking love too seriously. Puck and Bottom also show the audience is that over-confidence is not an attractive quality in anyone. The fools also give new meaning to the old adage, â€Å"Ignorance is bliss†, through their actions in this play. Shakespeare illustrates this through the self-serving actions of both Bottom and Puck throughout the play. By using Bottom and Puck to illustrate these lessons, Shakespeare allows the audience to see how ridiculous these two characters are, thus enabling the audience to laugh at them while still receiving his message. Works Cited Shakespeare, William. A Midsummer Night's Dream. New York, NY: Bantam Books, 1980.   

Second-hand Smoke

Second-hand Smoke Free Online Research Papers Imagine yourself sitting down to dinner at a restaurant and eating with your spouse, friend or significant other, when all of a sudden all you can smell is smoke. This is called Environmental Tobacco Smoke (EST) better known as Secondhand smoke. We are being forced to breathe in secondhand smoke whether we like it or not and not only are you just breathing in the smoke; it is also damaging our body at the same time. Secondhand smoke kills and has been classified by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as a known cause of cancer in human. In this paper you will be informed of the harmful effects of second-hand smoke, and why smoking should be banned from all public places. When you are a smoker you are making the decision to damage your own body, but little do you know you are also damaging everyone elses body that you smoke around. There is no risk free amount of smoke one can inhale. The American Lung Association has said â€Å"secondhand smoke has been classified by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as a known cause of cancer in humans†. Smoking is dangerous and it says on all cigarette packs that smoking kills you and harms others around you. Every time you breathe in a breath of smoke you are damaging your or someone else’s lungs. When you inhale smoke, you are killing away your lungs’ natural defenses. Facts about Secondhand Smoke Secondhand smoke causes almost 50,000 deaths in adult nonsmokers in the United States each year, including approximately 3,400 from lung cancer and 22,700-69,600 from heart disease. If you are exposed to smoke on a regular basis you can eventually paralyze the lungs’ natural cleansing process which causes your lungs work harder. According the American Lung Association, children are more exposed to second hand smoke then adults. â€Å"In the United States, 21 million, or 35 percent of, children live in homes where residents or visitors smoke in the home on a regular basis. Secondhand smoke is responsible for between 150,000 and 300,000 lower respiratory tract infections in infants and children under 18 months of age, resulting in between 7,500 and 15,000 hospitalizations each year, and causes 430 Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Cigarette smoke contains over 4,800 chemicals, 69 of which are known to cause cancer. There is a chance that a person who has never smoked a cigarette in their life could develop lung cancer. Including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic bronchitis, emphysema, coronary heart disease, stroke, abdominal aortic aneurysm, acute myeloid leukemia, cataract, pneumonia, periodontitis, and bladder, esophageal, laryngeal, lung, oral, throat, cervical, kidney, stomach, and pancreatic cancers. Smoking is also a major factor in a variety of other conditions and disorders, including slowed healing of wounds, infertility, and peptic ulcer. Special Interest Groups / Political Action Committee (PAC) Special Interest Groups (SIGs) is a group of individuals drawn together by a common interest in a field of study, teaching, or research when the existing divisional structure may not directly facilitate such activity. There are many special interest groups today who has rallied together to bring attention to this silent killer. For example, The Non-Smokers’ Rights Association (NSRA) is a voluntary non-profit health organization that has worked exclusively in the field of tobacco control for over 30 years. Its mission is to promote public health by eliminating illness and death caused by tobacco, including second-hand smoke. Political Action Committee is the name commonly given to a private group, regardless of size, organized to elect political candidates. Legally, what constitutes a PAC for purposes of regulation is a matter of state and federal law. The American Lung Association is considered a PAC by receiving contributions or making expenditures in excess of $1,000 for the purpose of influencing a federal election through promoting healthcare. The American Lung Association offers a variety of smoking control and prevention programs targeted to specific groups-some aimed at adults, others intended for school use, and still others designed to build bridges between the home and school and involve community leaders along with parents and educators. The mission of the American Lung Association is to save lives by improving lung health and preventing lung disease. Conclusion Most of us spend the major portion of our time indoors, where secondhand is produced and re-circulated. This is why it may be the most serious source of indoor air contamination faced by the average non-smoker. Inhaling secondhand smoke is not something to just shrug off as it is a serious matter and the fact that more and more public places are enforcing smoke free environment is a huge step and has raised awareness to the seriousness of this problem. Research Papers on Second-hand SmokeThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyGenetic EngineeringMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever Product19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationThe Spring and AutumnPETSTEL analysis of IndiaBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XCapital Punishment

Vertigo Alfred Hitchock essays

Vertigo Alfred Hitchock essays Alfred Hitchcock's VERTIGO is a film which functions on multiple levels simultaneously. On one level it is a mystery about a man duped into being an accomplice to murder. On another level it is about a psyche burdened down with guilt. Finally, it is a story of a man who has lost his love. The film's screenplay, written by Alec Coppel and Samuel Taylor, was based upon the 1954 mystery novel D'Entre les Morts by Pierre Boileau and Thomas Narcejac. Even though Vertigo is one of Alfred Hitchcock's most powerful, deep, and stunningly beautiful masterpieces, it was the recipient of only two Academy Awards nominations, Best Art Direction-Set Decoration, and Best Sound, and it was left without a single Oscar. The film begins with a chase scene that ends with police detective John "Scottie" Ferguson (JAMES STEWART) overcome by his fear of heights. He must retire from the police department until he finds an unlikely cure. With the help of an old girlfriend, the sensible Midge (BARBARA BEL GEDDES), Scottie attempts to return to a normal life. His friend Gavin Elster (TOM HELMORE) hires Scottie to take on a little freelance detective work. Elster asks him to shadow his wife Madeleine (KIM NOVAK), who he describes as "being possessed by a spirit" and being a "suicidal neurotic." Madeleine is beautiful and Scottie finds himself yearning to understand the woman he watches. Scottie saves Madeleine from throwing herself into San Francisco Bay and begins a face-to-face relationship with her, keeping his other identity as her husband's hired detective a secret. He falls in love with her but his vertigo keeps him from saving her when she tries to commit suicide again by jumping from a bell tower. Even thought she is dead Scottie continues to be haunted by Madeleine. He sees a woman walking down the street who looks just like her. He persues Judy Barton, a brunette department store salesgirl f ...

The Definition and Knowledge on Youth Culture Research Paper

The Definition and Knowledge on Youth Culture - Research Paper Example Today, the youth engage in too much activity and have access to a lot of information that they refrain from following the advice of their elders; in fact, they believe they are old enough to make their own decisions even at early stages of adolescence (Harvey 228). As a result, the culture of the youth has vastly changed over a short period as compared to customary practices when people had to attain self-sufficiency and follow the right path in order to survive. Assertively, this essay entails a comprehensive assessment of facts supporting the notion that the culture of the youth continues to change over time. These facts will be a general evaluation of the journey from adolescence to adulthood that dictates the culture that the youth adopt. Significantly, the youth culture was not a topic of discussion until late in the 20th Century where it became a historical phenomenon based on an evaluation of past practices relative to the adolescence to adulthood experience. Since then many p rofessionals have come up with theories on the evolution of the youth culture based on the core influential factors i.e. history, economy and psychological traits. According to some of these theories, the changes in youth culture emanated from the introduction of schools as a compulsory way of education. The overall idea is that this isolation of the youth created a completely new experience of the adolescence to adulthood mostly because it led to limited interactions with adults. Contrary, problems such as those identified in the ‘How Long Will I Cry?’

Healthcare Administration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Healthcare Administration - Essay Example Also students can protect themselves from expensive medical treatment after emergency situations such as appendectomy by paying a low cost monthly rate. This is called catastrophic insurance and it will provide you all needed treatment. Also Affordable Care Act protects people at age under 65 providing them with tax credit subsidy opportunities. Therefore, all students that cannot cover the medical insurance by themselves can use some options that can help to improve their health after illness. Nowadays receiving the medical insurance in the United States became easier and more effective process. It can help to protect health and life of young adults as they will be sure that they will receive an appropriate treatment when needed. But it is quite important to develop, improve and extend insurance coverage all over the world. (Michael Cahill, 2013) 1. Michael Cahill.(2013). Health Care Reform For The College Student: How The Affordable Care Act Will Affect You. Collegexpress. Online . Retrieved from

Discussion of question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Discussion of question - Essay Example As clearly expounded, one of the most easily identifiable measures of results is sales activities, which was defined therein as â€Å"activities that do not alter the physical, financial, or demographic realities of the community, but rather inform and persuade firms and investors. They include calls on firms, speeches to Rotary Clubs, public relations, advertising, writing and dissemination of brochures, attendance at trade shows and other events, and "networking."3 These activities, also synonymous with marketing activities are easily measured from one point in time to another. Thus, it is an effective gauge of an economy’s progress or regress, depending on the outcome that is measured. However, from the article written by Blair and Reese, the authors have indicated that â€Å"enhancing quality of life is emerging as an important economic development (ED) strategy.† 4 Therefore, not only do government officials focused on aiming to generate sales activities, but more so, the need to address issues that enhance the quality of life, is of equal importance. These reasons actually â€Å"helps local government look good and it secures the position of the economic developer and his or her agency† 5 Economic indicators such as sales or marketing activities, as well as opportunities to enhance quality of life through greater access to health care, for instance, or immediate response by the police force in addressing criminality within the locality, are measures that make the image of economic legislators and policy makers either good or bad, in the perceptions of the citizens. Therefore, these government officials make economic development a priority in the list of government programs that are earmarked to be addressed on a year to year basis. Furthermore, as the economy grows, citizens and businesses give back to the community in terms of higher purchases and taxes which provide

Motivation Letter Essay Example for Free

Motivation Letter Essay Economics, as a field, had always fascinated me right from my school days. As I grew up, I gradually came to appreciate the importance of economics in the modern world. In the university, I was fortunate to have been exposed to many interesting and challenging fields. However, I ultimately chose to major in Accounting, which provides me with fundamental knowledge of many economic-related theories and concepts, as well as familiarity with statistics and data analysis. I also learned the basic tenets of Economics in courses such as Finance, Management, Accounting and Public Finance. Subsequently I enhanced it with CMA Certificate courses right after graduation in 2006 These courses revealed to me the importance of the economic sector in the society, besides that I realized that Economic and Finance professionals have the privileged opportunity of managing assets and analyzing risks to ensure the future success of a company or organization. In 2010 and after having three years experience as Customer Service and Letters of Credits and Guarantees Officer, Business Development Officer at Bank Audi, and One year as Senior Account Officer / Corporate Business Development at Bank of Jordan, I realized the importance of finance and investment, giving the fact that the main decision of any enterprise is where to invest money and how to evaluate investment opportunities. Therefore, I decided to pursue postgraduate studies in investment and finance that would ideally complement my academic knowledge and experience, but unfortunately the current sad situation in my country freezes all my academic chances. So I’m looking to be a part of a respectful program and an opportunity to meet people and economists in one of the world most developed nations. In 5 years, I see myself leading an investment and financial section where I am involved building fruitful international business relations, designing structured financial products and managing well-diversified and effective portfolios by incorporating cutting edge methodologies and sophisticated tools that offer a valuable investment opportunity to the potential investor. Throughout this course I will leverage my existing skills with the knowledge of finance and economics that will help me to achieve my medium-term career goals to manage capital, create portfolios, perform mergers and acquisitions, and ensure future economic stability for corporations, as well as helping financial services industry to make the right financial decisions that will lead to economic stability and high returns. In the long-term, such knowledge, skills and experience will help me assist the Syrian market in designing, implementing and monitoring financial policies, planning and executing the financing initiatives, and interfacing with the financial community and investors.

My Goal Statement Essay -- My Mission and Goals

My mission here at State University is to strive to be the best person that I can possibly become. I respect my elders and try to learn good values from them. Also, I try to be a good role model for my friends and youngsters. I appreciate and understand other people's differences and am happy that we’re not all the same. As a team leader, I try to put these differences and diversity to good effect. I take full responsibility for my actions. I am always accountable to my decisions. If I make a mistake, I am always ready to admit it and learn from it. I always remember that before I can influence someone else, I must first be in charge of myself. If I am not fully convinced of my own decisions, it would be very difficult for me to influence others. I am a responsible student who works hard in school. I believe that hard work is the key to success. My goal is to graduate and fulfill the dreams of my father. I want to pursue Urban Planning just like him. I also plan to have a Mas ter's degree for the same. I will take every effort necessary to ensure that I meet and, if possible, exceed my goal through sheer dedication and perseverance. I pledge to offer the highest quality of leadership, the greatest level of expertise, and tireless dedication to the cause. I studied English last year at County Community College and moved to State University for this major later. I like California. I strongly feel that the mission statement of State University complements and resonates with goals and aspirations of mine. As State University guarantees the best pedagogical techniques, I will try to show my excellence as a student. I will demonstrate my intellectual capability and ask right questions at the right time to feed my curiosity. I will... ...trated. I would give higher priority to tasks which have to be performed immediately. Flexibility is also very important and I would modify my path whenever need arises. Efficient management of time is also necessary when it comes to tackling obstacles. The first stages are even more important because when we see first progress, we become even more determined to put in more effort towards our goal. Procrastination is also a very big obstacle and may keep us distracted. We should always make small goals which in turn would coordinate to meet the larger goal. We should never get caught in unnecessary thoughts. Without getting distracted by the external environment, I would keep the primary goal in mind while doing any task. As I want to get a Master’s degree in Urban Planning, these values which I have already listed would surely help me in taking good decisions. My Goal Statement Essay -- My Mission and Goals My mission here at State University is to strive to be the best person that I can possibly become. I respect my elders and try to learn good values from them. Also, I try to be a good role model for my friends and youngsters. I appreciate and understand other people's differences and am happy that we’re not all the same. As a team leader, I try to put these differences and diversity to good effect. I take full responsibility for my actions. I am always accountable to my decisions. If I make a mistake, I am always ready to admit it and learn from it. I always remember that before I can influence someone else, I must first be in charge of myself. If I am not fully convinced of my own decisions, it would be very difficult for me to influence others. I am a responsible student who works hard in school. I believe that hard work is the key to success. My goal is to graduate and fulfill the dreams of my father. I want to pursue Urban Planning just like him. I also plan to have a Mas ter's degree for the same. I will take every effort necessary to ensure that I meet and, if possible, exceed my goal through sheer dedication and perseverance. I pledge to offer the highest quality of leadership, the greatest level of expertise, and tireless dedication to the cause. I studied English last year at County Community College and moved to State University for this major later. I like California. I strongly feel that the mission statement of State University complements and resonates with goals and aspirations of mine. As State University guarantees the best pedagogical techniques, I will try to show my excellence as a student. I will demonstrate my intellectual capability and ask right questions at the right time to feed my curiosity. I will... ...trated. I would give higher priority to tasks which have to be performed immediately. Flexibility is also very important and I would modify my path whenever need arises. Efficient management of time is also necessary when it comes to tackling obstacles. The first stages are even more important because when we see first progress, we become even more determined to put in more effort towards our goal. Procrastination is also a very big obstacle and may keep us distracted. We should always make small goals which in turn would coordinate to meet the larger goal. We should never get caught in unnecessary thoughts. Without getting distracted by the external environment, I would keep the primary goal in mind while doing any task. As I want to get a Master’s degree in Urban Planning, these values which I have already listed would surely help me in taking good decisions.